Oktoberfest is more than just a beer festival – it’s a cultural phenomenon that brings together millions of people across the globe to celebrate Bavarian heritage, music, food and camaraderie. The original event in Munich traditionally runs from late September to early October – it’s glasses down at the Theresienwiese fairgrounds on 5 October this year – yet many international versions extend well beyond that, making it a month-long celebration of joy, tradition and indulgence.

The first Oktoberfest was held in 1810 to commemorate the marriage of Crown Prince Ludwig of Bavaria to Princess Therese of Saxony-Hildburghausen, and the venue in the southwest of Munich was named in the bride’s honour (Therese’s meadow). Münchners were invited to join the festivities, which included horse races, music and beer.

The event was such a success that it became an annual tradition, evolving into the world’s largest folk festival. Today, Oktoberfest is synonymous with beer tents, lederhosen, dirndls and traditional Bavarian music, but its roots lie in royal celebration and community spirit.

München Magic

More than six million visitors are expected to descend upon Theresienwiese for the 190th Munich Oktoberfest, and the Bavarian capital’s rendition remains the gold standard of Oktoberfest celebrations. The fun began on 20 September when the Mayor of Munich, Dieter Reiter, tapped the first keg and declared “O’zapft is!” (It’s tapped). Revellers spill into the 17 large beer tents and 21 smaller tents offering a unique atmosphere and exclusive beers supplied by the city’s ‘big six’ breweries. Bavarian specialities like pretzels and pork knuckle line stomachs awash with beer.

A traditional costume parade is held on the first Sunday of Oktoberfest, showcasing Bavarian attire, music and floats. Oide Wiesn, a nostalgic area in the southernmost section of the fairgrounds, was introduced in 2010 – two centuries on from the inaugural festival. Providing vintage rides and old-style beer tents, it proved so popular that it was retained.

While beer is the centrepiece of Oktoberfest, there’s a culture and etiquette to enjoying it respectfully. Only beer brewed within Munich city limits is served, and it is poured into a one-litre glass stein, properly called a maß. When making a toast, it is customary to look your companions in the eye and say “Prost!” But pace yourself – the alcohol content of Munich beers ranges from 5.8% to 6.5% ABV, which is generally higher than those brewed elsewhere.

Best of the Fests

While the Munich festival wraps up relatively early, many cities around the world host Oktoberfest throughout the month. These events blend local flair with Bavarian tradition, offering a more accessible way to join the fun. Oktoberfest Zinzinnati in Cincinnati, USA, is often hailed as the second-best beer-soaked shindig after the original. It was launched in 1976, and every year, revellers wet their whistles for a weekend in late September at the Ohio riverfront.

A plethora of Bavarian-themed festivals are held in the US during October. Snowbird Oktoberfest 2025 in Utah kicked off on 9 August and runs over 10 weekends until 12 October. Head there for German food alongside local beers, live music and artisan markets. Leavenworth in Washington state transforms into a Bavarian village over three weekends – 3–4, 10–11 and 17–18 October this year – presenting live music, vendor booths and family-friendly activities.

Bavaria meets the Wild West at Deadwood Oktoberfest in South Dakota, with locals and visitors alike enjoying a PolkaFest, wiener dog (dachshund) races and beer-barrel games from 3-4 October, while Carmel in Indiana hosts a cosy Saturday night festival on 3 October, starring live entertainment and local brews.

Beer Diary

Over in England, the Yorkshire city of Sheffield presents its lively Oktoberfest party on the 3rd, with Bavarian music, beer and themed décor. Steins of beer, mounds of sausages and musical acts come to Clapham in London from 10-25 October for Oktoberfest on the Common.

Surprisingly, perhaps, one of the biggest October bashes is held in Blumenau in Brazil, and spans the 8th to the 26th this year. One highlight is a nightly drinking competition, where contestants down, as rapidly as possible, one metre of beer from an elongated tulip glass. Across the Pacific, Brisbane, Australia, and Yokohama, Japan, also get into the annual Oktoberfest swing. Qingdao in China, the home of Tsingtao beer and once a German naval base, holds its annual International Beer Festival in the summer months, rather than October.

Dressing and Grazing

One of the most beloved aspects of Oktoberfest is the Bavarian national costume; dressing up adds authenticity and fun for those who otherwise might only be there for the beer. In days gone by, how a woman wore her dirndl – a dress with a fitted bodice, full skirt and apron – signalled her relationship status. Tying the apron in a bow on the left side indicated that she was single, and having it on the right meant she was spoken for. Those who wore the bow in the centre were virgins, while widows – and waitresses – tied it at the back. There were no such complexities for those donning lederhosen – leather shorts with suspenders – matched with a checked shirt and alpine hat.

Oktoberfest is also a culinary delight. Expect hearty, comforting dishes that pair perfectly with beer. Bavarian musts include Weißwurst, a white sausage served with sweet mustard, and grilled Bratwurst sausage in a bun or with sauerkraut, as well as Schweinshaxe (crispy pork knuckle), Brezn (giant soft pretzel) and Kartoffelsalat (German-style potato salad). Save room for Apfelstrudel, warm apple pastry with lashings of vanilla sauce. Vegetarian options like Käsespätzle (cheese spaetzle) and mushroom goulash are increasingly available at the food stalls.

Party On

Oktoberfest is as much about music as it is about beer. Expect a mix of traditional Bavarian tunes, modern pop and international hits. Oompah bands playing brass instruments, accordion music and polka dancing conjure the spirit of old Europe. Ein Prosit by The Polka Brothers and Sweet Caroline are sing-along classics. Live performances, dance floors and DJ sets are common at festivals outside Bavaria.

In Munich, the fun extends beyond the beer tents to a full fairground with rides and games for all ages. Hop on the Ferris wheel for a panoramic view, be thrilled by the roller coasters, and get dizzy on the swing carousel. Bumper cars, haunted houses, carnival games, shooting galleries, and children’s areas with rides and crafts round out the attractions.

A celebration of life, laughter and shared joy, Oktoberfest is exhilarating, but it’s important to stay safe and balanced. Hydrate between beers, eat before drinking to slow alcohol absorption, and travel to the venue by public transport or designated driver. Wear comfortable shoes since you will be standing for hours in the crowds or dancing to the music.

Whether you’re clinking steins in Munich, supping from super-long glasses in Brazil or keg rolling in the US, the spirit of Oktoberfest is universal. It’s a time to embrace tradition, indulge in hearty fare, and connect with others in a festive atmosphere. So don your dirndl or lederhosen, raise your maß high, and join the world in crying: “O’zapft is!”